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Incorporating PLEs into higher education is not as simple as click social media and go; there must be a focus on empowering students to define and create their learning space. Dabbagh and Kitsantas (2012) provide a framework to help faculty engage students in a cycle of PLEs to promote self-learning. This framework includes three different levels. Level 1 involves instructors encouraging students to use social media. Level 2 involves collaboration and sharing, where social and collaborative activities allow students to exercise self-monitoring. Level 3 involves a combination of both Levels 1 and 2 and includes a synthesis of the information shared and self reflection. This framework provides a means for which faculty can intentionally promote both formal and informal learning, which can truly impact how Web 2.0 tools are used in educational settings in the future.
Debbaugh, N., & Kitsantis, A. (2012). Personal learning environments, social media, and self-regulating learning: A natural formula for connecting formal and informal learning. Internet and Higher Education, 15, 3-8.
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